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Concurrency - Low Level Design

Course Contents

Introduction to Concurrency — Why It Matters for LLD

Concurrency vs Parallelism

Processes vs Threads — Lifecycle and States

Race Conditions and Critical Sections

Synchronization Primitives — Mutex, Semaphore, Condition Variable

Deadlock, Livelock, and Starvation

Locks — Reentrant, Try-Lock, Compare-and-Swap (CAS)

Thread Safety — Immutability, ThreadLocal, Atomic Operations

Producer-Consumer Pattern

Reader-Writer Pattern

Thread Pool Pattern

Signaling Pattern

Active Object Pattern

Thread Safety — Immutability, ThreadLocal, Atomic Operations

Achieve thread safety without explicit locks using immutable objects, ThreadLocal per-thread storage, and hardware-level atomic operations like CAS.

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